The RRITA Process

RRITA organises qualitative analysis into seven steps structured around an alternating expand–compress cadence — phases that increase analytic density alternating with phases that concentrate insights.

Throughout all seven steps, the reflexive anchor runs as a continuous thread, prompting researchers to document their shifting positionality before beginning each analytic stage. Alongside this, the analytic tensions and discordance feature provides a dedicated space within the matrix to capture interpretive frictions and contradictions as they arise — primarily during coding and theme development.

1. 1Establishing the analytic foundation

   The researcher formulates a paradigm-aligned research question and identifies research domains to guide initial data organisation. The RRITA matrix is initialised and the first reflexive anchor entry documents positionality at study level — before any data is generated.

2. 2Preparing data generation tools

   An interview guide is developed and aligned with the research domains. Ethical and governance requirements are addressed. The reflexive anchor captures the researcher's positionality ahead of data collection.

3. 3Generating raw dataexpansion

   Interviews are conducted and verbatim extracts, observations, notes on data, and reflexive notes entered into the matrix. Reflexive notes explicitly name positionality cues and decision points as they arise. The output is the Expanded matrix.

4. 4Refining the datasetcompression

   The Expanded matrix is reviewed to retain material directly relevant to the research question or necessary for interpretive context. Compression is performed cautiously — silences, hesitations, and interstitial meanings are protected. The output is the Compressed matrix.

5. 5Codingexpansion

   Each verbatim extract is coded line-by-line, beginning with semantic in vivo and descriptive codes before introducing interpretive codes sparingly. Memos document the analytic rationale behind each interpretive leap. Analytic tensions and discordance are recorded as they arise, providing the interpretive friction necessary for rigorous theme development. The output is the Coded matrix.

6. 6Developing themescompression

   Codes are compiled and worked into coherent thematic groupings through iterative, interpretive synthesis. Each theme is grounded in raw data, justified through a theme warrant, and delimited through a concise definition. Reflexive pivots — moments where engagement with positionality, tensions, or discordance redirects or deepens interpretation — are documented at both extract and theme level. The output is the Themed matrix.

7. 7Constructing the analytic narrative

   Themes are woven into a grounded, reflexively informed narrative through five iterative movements: thematic articulation, illustration, interpretation, reflexive pivot, and integration with academic literature. The reflexive pivot transforms documented subjectivity from background context into an active driver of analytic insight.